jueves, 3 de diciembre de 2015

Cows, Capitalism and the Future of Cuba

Cows, Capitalism and the Future of Cuba
By Taylor Wofford 12/2/15 at 1:53 PM

Every time Gator ejaculated, Dan Marvel grossed 10 grand. At the time of
his death last year, the bull was a ton and a half of genetic
perfection—or as close to it as has ever been recorded for his breed
(Red Brangus, a dewlapped, humpbacked strain, three-eighths Brahman,
five-eighths Angus and usually russet in hue, hence the name). And he
was prolific: Marvel, his owner, says with pride that Gator once
produced more than 400 "straws"—a half-cubic-centimeter swizzle stick of
bull semen being the standard measure—from a single ejaculation.

Gator's semen was white gold because, drop for drop, the seed of a
prize-winning bull is worth more than gasoline, penicillin and human
blood combined. It's not the most valuable liquid in existence (that
distinction goes to scorpion venom, which has medicinal properties), but
it's close.

Five years ago, Marvel received an intriguing phone call from John Parke
Wright, a wealthy investor from Naples, Florida. Wright knew someone who
wanted to create a beef cattle herd, and his client needed a hefty
amount of Gator's semen: thousands of straws. The deal would earn Marvel
and his wife, Sandra, $50,000, a huge haul for them. The only catch:
They had to make it happen in one of the least business-friendly places
on earth: the communist island of Cuba.

Six months after that chat, the Marvels were in Havana. They met Wright
at a nondescript office building in Miramar, the city's diplomatic
quarter, which serves as the headquarters of the National Enterprise for
the Protection of Flora and Fauna, the Cuban equivalent of the
Environmental Protection Agency. A receptionist led them to a small
conference room with a dark wood table and chairs, the walls lined with
portraits of the Castros and other Cuban leaders. As they sipped
espresso and bottled water, an elderly Cuban official walked into the
room and greeted them. He kissed both of Sandra's cheeks—"the Latin kind
of kiss," as she describes it. His name was Guillermo García Frías, a
comandante in the Cuban army who fought alongside the Castros during the
revolution, a former vice president and current head of the
environmental agency.

García, who reportedly saved Fidel Castro's life during the revolution,
is Cuba's canniest cattleman, Wright says. He had a new ranch called El
Macho, he told the Marvels, and he wanted to turn it into the first
large-scale, high-quality beef production operation on the island in
more than five decades. He had the land: 150,000 acres in Camagüey. What
he didn't have: cows or capital.

There are two ways to increase the size of a herd. Go the natural route
(put bulls and heifers together and wait), which can take years, or
import a large number of heifers (20,000 would suffice, Wright ventures)
and artificially inseminate them—but that method can take a lot of cash.
"We're talking about a serious investment," he says.

Still, García chose the latter option. A couple of weeks after meeting
with the comandante, the Marvels received in the mail a check for about
$50,000. What García got in exchange was more than just spunk; it could
be the seeds of a capitalist revolution.

¿Dónde Está la Carne?

In Cuba, shortages—from toothpaste to toilet paper—are a fact of life.
Food is no exception. Beef, once a staple of the Cuban diet, can be next
to impossible to find on the island. Sometimes, it will disappear from
markets without warning for months, says Alexis Naranjo, whose
restaurant, Los Naranjos, recently debuted in Havana's tony Vedado
neighborhood. "I can't sell it," he says, because "there isn't any place
to buy it." When you can find it, it's exorbitantly expensive, which
means tourists are among the few people in Cuba who consume it.

Like most restaurant owners here, Naranjo sometimes turns to the
thriving black market to meet his needs. But he won't buy beef there.
"If you get meat and the police find out, they will close the
restaurant," he says. It's not that the government is concerned about
the health ramifications of eating black market beef, which is mostly
pilfered from state-run butcher shops. It's because beef is so scarce,
the government controls who gets carne and who doesn't. To protect its
monopoly, the state even passed legislation making slaughtering cattle
without explicit government permission a crime carrying a sentence of up
to five years in prison—even if you own the cow.

The shortage is worse outside the major cities. And the contrast between
meat served at Havana's privately owned restaurants and what rural
Cubans eat is "shocking," says Parr Rosson, head of the Department of
Agricultural Economics at Texas A&M University and an expert on
U.S.-Cuba trade. "There are cuts of chicken you can't identify," he
says. "I don't know what they are."

Cubans would like less mystery in their meat, but change happens slowly
on the island. Un poco, un poco, "a little, a little," as people here
like to say. But it's happening, especially with respect to the United
States: In April 2009, U.S. President Barack Obama took the tentative
first steps to ease the tension between the two countries. The
administration lifted restrictions barring Cuban-Americans from
traveling to the island and uncapped the amount of money they could send
to relatives back home. Havana later implemented reforms designed to
encourage small pockets of capitalism. In 2010, the government began
allowing more Cubans to work for themselves and to hire others. Since
then, the number of small-business owners and entrepreneurs has more
than tripled, according to one recent paper.

Now, six years after Obama's first announcement—the Cuban government's
arrest and imprisonment of the American aid worker (and alleged spy)
Alan Gross in 2009 slowed things down—the relationship between the two
Cold War adversaries is finally starting to thaw. Most Cubans welcome
this development, but few want things to go back to how they were before
the revolution, when Cuba was a de facto colony of Washington and Havana
was a decadent playground for wealthy gringos.

Doing business with Americans presents Cuba with not only an opportunity
but also a threat. To improve the lives of their people, Cuban officials
are dabbling with capitalism across the economy, including the beef
industry. In need of everything from new tractors to plow their fields
to wind turbines to upgrade the island's turn-of-the-century electrical
grid, they have begun to bargain with businessmen such as Wright and
Marvel. But they're afraid of giving away too much in the
process—especially to their neighbors up north. So as Cuba transforms
and opens to free enterprise, the Communist Party is proceeding
cautiously, trying to make sure nothing endangers its monopoly on power.
As Fidel Castro explained in a 1966 speech, "Revolutions are not
undertaken to leave things as they were."

Soviet Sugar High

Cuba hasn't always been a nation with empty shelves, and its beef
shortage is a relatively recent phenomenon. In 1958, one year before
Castro ousted the U.S.-backed dictator Fulgencio Batista, there was
nearly one cow for each of the island's approximately 6.5 million
inhabitants. More than 50 years later, there are almost twice as many
Cubans, but the country's herds are 30 percent smaller than they were in
1958, according to Carmelo Mesa-Lago, a Cuban-born economist at the
University of Pittsburgh.

Most Cubans point to the embargo to explain the state of the beef
industry, and many economists agree that it's at least partly
responsible. But some analysts say Cuba's socialist system deserves a
big part of the blame for the country's economic misery. "You've got a
central planner sitting in a high-rise Ministry of Agriculture building
in Havana, trying to tell growers in the eastern provinces what to do
with their pastures," says William Messina, an agricultural economist at
the University of Florida's Food and Resource Economics Department.
"What the hell does a person in Havana know? Maybe it's been a rainy
summer. Maybe there's been a drought…. Pretty poor decisions get made."

At the root of all Cuba's food woes is its greatest resource: sugar. The
island had been almost entirely dependent on the crop since it was
introduced hundreds of years ago, allegedly by Christopher Columbus. As
Castro put it in a 1959 televised address, "One of our greatest causes
of economic dependence on the United States is sugar, and it is
imperative that we diversify our production and our markets." Following
the revolution, the Castro government announced plans to do just that,
but two years later, Havana changed its tack; the Soviet Union offered
to pay above-market prices for Cuban sugar in exchange for access to the
island. Despite its earlier ideas about diversification, the Castro
government again poured most of the nation's resources into sugar. By
the 1980s, Cuba was the world's third-largest sugar producer, behind
Brazil and India.

Then, in 1991, the Soviet Union collapsed and took Cuba's economy with
it. By that time, Cuba's agricultural sector was heavily mechanized, and
Moscow was the source of most of what was needed to sustain the
industry—from fertilizers to new tractors. Lacking the infrastructure to
grow much beyond sugar and unable to command the inflated prices it had
enjoyed for 30 years, Cuba had no way to feed itself. This era of Cuban
history—euphemistically called the Special Period—saw the average Cuban
shed about 12 pounds, according to a 2013 paper published in the British
Medical Journal. Cubans ate domestic cats, and peacocks and buffalo
mysteriously vanished from the Havana zoo, according to The Economist.

With some of the best farmland and pastures in the Western Hemisphere,
Cubans don't need to eat pets. "Cuba should increase its beef
production, without any question," says Pedro Sanchez, the Cuban-born
director of the Agriculture and Food Security Center at Columbia
University. In four to five years, Cuba could be importing 40 percent of
its food, instead of 80 percent. "We have to make a proper plan, but all
the elements are there," he adds.

One of those elements arrived by private plane in Havana last year.
Inside, supercooled with liquid nitrogen, was a gallon of Gator's goo.

Can You Make a Buck in Cuba?

Earlier this year, Wright invited me to El Macho to witness what's
become of Gator's seed. To reach the ranch, his chartered Chinese
minibus passes through the Sierra del Chorrillo nature preserve, one of
48 protected areas managed by García's agency. The preserve is 10,000
acres of pristine wilderness where unshod ponies caper beneath a canopy
of piñon pines and fossilized tree stumps jut from the earth.

As Wright steps off the minibus, he introduces me to Barbaro Casa López,
the ranch's foreman, an intense-looking man with a blue-black mustache
and straw cowboy hat. Casa López is already putting Gator's semen to
use, he says, and offers to show us. He leads Wright and me down a muddy
lane between rows of enormous, empty pens. In one, about 20 bulls are
corralled. These are Gator's offspring, Barbaro tells me. Wright claims
they're the first cross between an American bull and Cuban heifers in
more than 50 years. They're a year old and fattening up nicely, gaining
nearly 2 pounds per day, Barbaro says. They'll keep gaining until they
weigh about 1,400 pounds. Then they'll be sent to slaughter.

El Macho turns a small profit, but its earnings are limited because it
can sell only to the state, and the state, not the market, dictates
prices. In June, Barbaro says, the government increased the price for
steers to 2,000 Cuban pesos a head—roughly $80. The result is that
cowboys and ranch owners both earn less than bartenders and taxi drivers
in Havana.

The only way to make real money in the cattle business in Cuba is to
scale the operation massively. And the only way to do that quickly is
with foreign direct investment. That's why Wright is helping García find
partners and investors stateside. "It's very simple," he says. García
can offer American investors a stake in El Macho—"sa y $200 million for
50 percent." That $200 million will be used to increase the breeding
stock and ramp up production of meat.

But many Americans are wary of investing in Cuba because the state
almost always insists on having a majority stake in partnerships with
foreign companies. And the island doesn't have a sterling reputation in
the minds of investors—expropriating billions in assets from U.S.
corporations doesn't scream "open for business." Wright insists American
companies shouldn't be afraid. It's a myth that you can't make a buck in
Cuba, he says, and he intends to prove it with El Macho. If Americans
discover a business-friendly climate here, Wright believes Congress will
be inclined to lift the embargo. "We're going to use these cows to break
the blockade," he crows.

"Sí," Barbaro says. "It all depends on the blockade."

It's not so simple. As part of the thaw, Washington is rolling out
incremental reforms, like allowing ferry service to Havana and lifting
export restrictions on telecommunications equipment. But Cubans have
been hesitant to embrace American investment. "We haven't gotten Cuba to
green-light a single deal," says James Williams, president of the
lobbying group Engage Cuba. "Part of it is they're just overwhelmed.
People from all over the world are coming here like they've never come
before."

There are other hurdles too. For the Cubans, the end of the embargo is
the next step in the negotiations. But the U.S. sees the end of the
embargo as the last step, a reward for progress on human rights,
property claims and law enforcement, among other things. "We think
Congress would look very favorably on those [changes]," says a State
Department official with knowledge of the negotiations, who spoke on the
condition of anonymity because the talks are sensitive. "Support would
be more attainable if they could make progress."

Maybe, but Congress seems reluctant to let Americans deal directly with
the Cuban government, preferring to encourage investment in small
businesses. Of course, in Cuba the difference between privately owned
and government-owned is rarely clear-cut, says Paul Johnson, co-chair of
the U.S. Agriculture Coalition for Cuba. "I don't know if you'll ever be
able to draw a distinction," he says. "It's a one-party system, and the
government has a lot of control in business decisions." Johnson says
U.S. investors should flock to Cuba, even if it means getting into
business with the Communist Party, because that's the way Cubans want
it. "We need to respect their sovereignty," he says. "It's in the U.S.'s
best interests in the long run. Otherwise, you're just laying the seeds
of future revolution."

Williams agrees. Most Americans, he says, don't know how to do business
in Cuba. The Cubans "have a process," he says, "and companies have been
ignorant or naive of that process."

John Parke Wright is not most Americans. He has been doing business in
Cuba since the mid-2000s, shipping beef and dairy cattle from Texas,
Florida and elsewhere (the embargo on agricultural commodities to Cuba
was lifted in 2000). Until Washington and Havana hammer out their
differences, Wright is comfortable conducting his business the Cuban
way. And for Wright, beef is more than just business. Beef is personal.

Yankees, Worms and Trash

"This was my family's land," Wright says, stepping off his minibus and
waving his hand at 15,000 acres of Cuban wilderness. He plucks a Romeo y
Julieta cigar from the breast pocket of his guayabera, lights it and
inhales the smoke. Wright always wears a guayabera when he's in Cuba,
but there's no mistaking him for a local. His 10-gallon Stetson, navy
Brooks Brothers blazer and ruddy complexion give him away. Americans are
a rare sight in Havana, and they are virtually unknown on this stretch
of rural highway in the foothills of the Sierra Maestra, some 450 miles
southeast of the capital. Except for Wright, who for the past 17 years
has been a frequent and quizzical sight here.

Through his mother, Wright is a member of the Lykes clan, the
12th-largest landowner in the U.S., according to The Land Report. With a
net worth of $1.2 billion, the Lykes are the 193rd wealthiest family in
the country, according to Forbes. Before the Cuban revolution, his
family owned two cattle ranches in Cuba, plus various properties in
Havana, including the city's largest meat-packing plant. Like many
Americans who lost wealth during the revolution—or, as many Cubans see
it, whose property was returned to its rightful owners—Wright thought
his family's riches were gone. Then, in the late 1990s, he says, he met
a diplomat named Carlos Lechuga, who was Havana's ambassador to the
United Nations during the Cuban missile crisis. "Señor Lechuga suggested
I show more interest in my mother's land," Wright says. Before long,
Lechuga introduced him to Ramón Castro, Fidel's older brother. The two
became "dear friends" and traveled the country together, Wright says.
After Ramón became too old to leave Havana, his son, Ángel, took his
place on Wright's rural sojourns.

On the afternoon that I join Wright on his trip to the countryside,
Ángel comes too. A portly, amiable man in his mid-50s, Angel has short,
gray hair and coke-bottle glasses. Unlike his father and his uncles
Fidel and Raúl, he's clean-shaven. As Wright and I survey the land,
Ángel takes a siesta in the back of the bus.

Outside, butterflies bob in the tall, sun-blanched grass. The flatbed
trucks and horse carts that pass for buses and taxis in this part of the
country intermittently trundle back and forth from nearby towns. Wild
turkeys loiter near a dusty dirt track leading to La Candelaria, one of
the two cattle ranches that used to belong to Wright's family. Once,
seven royal palms grew here, one for each of Wright's
great-great-uncles, who earned the family's fortunes in Cuba. They're
gone now. A tumbledown portcullis, 10 or 12 feet of orange brick, is all
that remains to mark the entrance. "It's a little sad," he says with a
half-smile. "I'm glad they've kept the gate, at least."

A few miles down the road, a suntanned farmer in yellow sweats pulls
aside a razor-wire fence to let us inside. Wright leads me down the dirt
road to the interior of the ranch, seemingly impervious to the heat, the
mud sticking to his shoes or the fat sow that waddles away resentfully
at his approach. Soon we arrive at the old ranch house. There are holes
in the roof. Inside, the floor is a jumble of broken cobblestones.
Shadowed hollows suggest where doors and windows used to hang.

In the 1950s, La Candelaria, which is slightly larger than Manhattan,
was one of Cuba's best ranches, Wright says. It employed a dozen or so
cowboys who tended 7,500 head of cattle, according to an article from
Fortune in 1954. Today, its only permanent tenants are a timorous
herdsman and a few dozen rangy crossbreeds. "For 10 years, I've been
asking the Castros about why these ranches that were so well-run up to
1959 are idle today," Wright says. "The answer's been, 'It's the
blockade. The embargo.' That's a good excuse, but it doesn't cut it."

Wright wants to come back, to restore La Candelaria. But the Cubans have
so far responded tepidly to his requests. While they may need people
like him—people familiar with the culture who have a vested interest in
seeing Cuba return to prosperity—they are also wary of returning
expropriated property. To do so would set a dangerous precedent, one
that might see a flood of Cuban exiles and their descendants returning
to the island, demanding their land back, or, failing that, compensation
for it, which the Cubans can't afford to pay. And fear of the exiles'
homecoming is pervasive on the island, says Michael Kelly, a Cuba policy
expert and associate dean at the Creighton University School of Law.
"That's what the Castro government has been feeding them," he says. The
government cannot be seen to be doing business with the exiles, a group
it has spent decades denouncing as gusanos (worms) and escoria (trash).

Wright is adamant about returning to his family's former plot, even
though it's illegal in the U.S. for citizens to negotiate with the Cuban
government. "If Congress tries to stand in my way, I'll go around them,"
he growls. "If they think they can stop me from living on land that
belongs to me, and they want to throw me in jail, let them try."

And while Wright stands to profit from having his family's land returned
to him, he says money isn't his only—or even primary—motive for wanting
to return to Cuba. His main motivation, he says, is restoring an
industry that can feed the island's 11 million people. That may sound
self-serving, but Wright is already rich, and if he wanted to become
wealthier, there are easier ways to do so than negotiating with
Communist Cuba. "It's criminal," he says. "They're using food as a
weapon of mass destruction."

A Castle of Cuban Capitalism

Whether or not Wright succeeds, there is one place in Cuba, at least,
where beef is not so rare. A morning's drive from La Candelaria is one
of the best cattle ranches in the Western Hemisphere. It is called El
Alcázar, which means "the castle" or "the fortress." It sits cloistered
in the rising limestone foothills of the Sierra Maestra in the country's
southeast. El Alcázar is one of the few cattle ranches not nationalized
during the revolution. While other ranchers saw their land confiscated,
Maria Antonia Puyol Bravo held on to hers. Wright describes her as
Cuba's only card-carrying capitalist.

A diminutive 88-year-old with a crooked smile and mischievous, watchful
eyes, Puyol has run the ranch for most of her life. She never married
and has no children. Wright, Castro and I join her on a warm evening in
June. Her white curls are cropped short and her chestnut skin is creased
after years working in the sun. She wears old Nikes, pearl earrings and
a wooden cross around her neck.

Puyol is wealthy by Cuban standards and makes no effort to hide it. Her
home, a Spanish colonial villa, is ringed with manicured gardens where a
fountain of clay pots feeds a bubbling pool. Flamboyán trees form a
canopy overhead. In the afternoon sunlight, their fallen leaves look
like shriveled tongues of fire.

Dinner that night is plain by American standards but plentiful—platters
of roasted potatoes, corn fritters, plantains, rice and beans, all grown
on Puyol's land. Piles of food arrive on sterling silver trays. As we
eat, the cattle baroness reminisces about the revolution. In 1959, the
Cuban government seized and nationalized estates larger than about 1,000
acres. El Alcázar is about 1,500 acres, yet it survived the revolution
untouched.

These agrarian reforms were supposed to eliminate the sprawling
plantations that enriched wealthy landowners but left their workers,
mostly seasonal laborers, impoverished. The law succeeded in its goal,
but it had unintended consequences. After their ranches were taken from
them, Cuba's cattle kings mostly chose life in exile. Those tasked with
managing the confiscated estates had neither the experience nor the
skills required.

Perhaps, as Puyol suggests, the ranch survived because of her: She cites
an exemption to Cuba's agrarian reform laws, which left especially
productive ranches immune to expropriation, but that didn't stop cadres
of government enforcers from confiscating many of them anyway. Puyol
says she fought hard with the authorities to keep El Alcázar. Her close
ties to the Castros probably didn't hurt either.

Puyol grew up in Birán, the Castros' hometown. With fondness, she
recalls a youth spent riding horses and fishing alongside Ramón, Fidel
and Raúl Castro. Even then, she remembers, they seemed preordained to
rule. "Today, they run all of Cuba like they used to run Birán," she
whispers with a smile. Puyol's dogs were gifts from Raúl, she says, as
were her two televisions. She owns four cars, gifts from Fidel, and a
signed copy of The Strategic Counteroffensive in the Sierra Maestra to
Santiago de Cuba, one of his many books. When the revolution came, Fidel
came looking for supplies, Puyol says. She provided them: gasoline,
food, equipment and whatever else they wanted. Even so, not even the
Puyols were left alone entirely. "Many, many ranches were ruined after
the revolution," Puyol says between sips of chilled tamarind juice.
Among them, a 20,000-acre estate seized from her father.

"What happened to it?" I ask.

With a knowing look, she draws her thumb across her throat.

"A shoemaker," she says, "can't run a ranch."

Today, it's 20,000 acres of dirt.

But not El Alcázar. Her land is pristine, quite unlike any I have seen
in Cuba. Her pastures are green, her cattle are healthy and well-fed,
and her workers get to eat beef. Small farms and ranches similar to
Puyol's have sprouted up all over the country since Raúl Castro's wave
of agrarian reforms beginning in 2007. According to one recent paper by
researchers at the University of Havana and the City University of New
York's Lehman College, about 70 percent of the country's arable land is
now in private hands. If Puyol's ranch is any indication, that's a good
trend. And it's a good opportunity for American businesspeople such as
Wright, who are permitted to sell the Cubans agricultural commodities.

Before we leave, she invites us to see her land on horseback. Wright,
Ángel Castro and I follow a cadre of Cuban cowboys and a herd of Puyol's
mares as they bolt out of their corral and up-country. The horses wade
through the Rio Contramaestre, where a pair of young women cavort in the
muddy water. We follow the herd until we reach a hill the Cubans call la
vista. Wright lights another cigar, and we watch the sunset. "Maria
Antonia's ranch is the model," he says, "for the future of Cuban
agriculture."

I hope he's right. It would be a shame to let Gator's seed go to waste.

With Hannah Berkeley Cohen in Havana.

Source: Cows, Capitalism and the Future of Cuba -
http://europe.newsweek.com/cuba-beefing-capitalism-practices-400027

MSC Cruises doubles up on Cuba as it eyes Caribbean opportunity

MSC Cruises doubles up on Cuba as it eyes Caribbean opportunity
Aliya Ram

The company has said it will now send a second ship, the MSC Armonia, to
Cuba's largest port after experiencing high levels of demand from
European customers.
"There was such a good response, especially — and this surprised us —
from many European markets," said Gianni Onorato, chief executive of MSC
Cruises.
"The idea is to grow more and that'll depend a lot on the level of
growth in the infrastructure that can receive the ships . . . our
commitment in Cuba we hope will encourage authorities to invest in ports."
Mr Onorato said conversations with the Cuban authorities began in
January and plans for the second ship received a boost when Matteo
Renzi, Italy's prime minister, visited the Caribbean island in October.
American liners are still subject to US restrictions that limit travel
to licensed volunteer programmes.
But as US-Cuban relations thaw following a truce between US President
Barack Obama and Raúl Castro last December, leisure industries are
rushing to take advantage of Cuba's potential as a relatively untouched
tourist destination.
Carnival, the world's largest cruise company by market share, has
received approval from the US government to send a cruise liner to
Havana that combines social work and travel, but it has yet to receive
the go-ahead from Cuban authorities.
MSC Armonia is part of a €5.3bn investment plan by MSC Cruises to
increase its fleet by seven ships to a total of 19 by 2021 and refurbish
four older liners by 2021. According to the company new ships cost
between €700m-€1bn to build.
One of these will set sail for Shanghai where it will serve the China
market, which Mr Onorato said will be part of MSC's long-term strategy.
"Both China and the Caribbean represent the future," he said.
MSC Opera and MSC Armonia can hold about 2,600 passengers each.

Source: MSC Cruises doubles up on Cuba as it eyes Caribbean opportunity
- FT.com -
http://www.ft.com/cms/s/0/f33cf96c-9911-11e5-95c7-d47aa298f769.html#axzz3tHAu4ruw

Headed to Cuba for Business? ¡Cuidado!

Headed to Cuba for Business? ¡Cuidado!
RYAN MCMUNN - CONTRIBUTOR
Founder & CEO BRIC Language Systems
DECEMBER 02, 2015

I went to Cuba in September on a research/business trip, in hopes of
finding a Spanish language partner school for my language program. But I
never got to enjoy the country's glorious beaches, its picturesque old
Chevys, its friendly, exuberant people.

Instead, I got fleeced. And I ended up fleeing my Havana hotel at 4:30
in the morning, ignobly exiting down a fire escape, with the princely
sum of 25 cents in my pocket.

Don't let this happen to you! If you too have a business trip in mind
that involves Cuba, a country with which the United States is rapidly
normalizing relations -- and business deals -- take precautions. Here
are some tips on how not to repeat my own bad experience in this island
nation.

1. Don't listen to your bank.
You can't use U.S. credit or debit cards in Cuba, no matter what your
bank tells you. Your bank will say, "You have a Visa debit card, and it
works everywhere." It doesn't. Anywhere. Instead, bring enough euros or
Canadian dollars to survive your stay and make it to your meetings.
Don't bring U.S. dollars unless you want to pay the 10 percent penalty
Cuba imposes for an exchange. Tip: When conducting business in Cuba, buy
Euros or Canadian dollars, which don't have the fee.

2. Don't trust your hotel.
We stayed at a Spanish hotel that's part of a chain. We thought we had
prepaid for the hotel. But, upon our arrival, the hotel demanded that we
pay 1,250 euros. We were shocked (and unprepared: We had just 1,000
euros on us). So, we spent the morning calling a friend's aunt to see if
we could stay with her. We tried the bank. And we Googled other options
(on Cuba's ultra slow Internet).

Then we went to the hotel bar, and charged to the room drinks we
couldn't actually pay for, because we needed to make a sound decision.
Ultimately, we gave the bar 100 euros and made the rest up with our
reserve U.S. dollars. From that point on, we had almost no money. Tip:
When conducting business in Cuba, bring more money than you think you'll
need. You'll almost certainly need it.

3. Trust but verify.
We were eating lunch when the owner of the restaurant came by. He showed
us pictures of his daughters. I shared with him that our family had a
pub in Ireland. We were delighted to have a new friend. Then I went to
pay the tab, and he accompanied me. I had my 50 peso bill on the
counter, but the clerk said he couldn't accept that amount for our 4
peso tab, and he didn't have change.

The "owner" we had just befriended then said, "Senior, senior, your
money, it is no good here." And I thought, "That's nice. He's going to
buy us dinner."

I was wrong. The man grabbed the 50 peso bill off the counter and ran
out the front door, not even pausing to pick up the pictures of his
daughters. Why? Because they weren't his daughters, he wasn't the owner
and I had trusted without verification. Tip: When conducting business in
Cuba, remember: If it's too good to be true, it probably is.

4. Don't count on the U.S. embassy.
Despite the U.S. embassy's prominent location and impressive façade, its
personnel are not much help. We were in dire straits; we had 50 pesos
left. With barely enough to pay for a cab to the airport, we went to the
embassy seeking help. The Marine guard there was very friendly. However,
all he could help us with was the location of a cheap bottle of rum and
a cooked rabbit. We took his advice: Wrong move again. Tip: When
conducting business in Cuba: Don't drink rum and eat rabbit; neither
tastes good and both lead to bad decisions.

5. Find the good people.
Don't let my first four points cause you to not trust the locals. There
is plenty to love about Cuba. I was walking through a park, for
instance, when two men shouted out, "Senior, senior! No, no!" But I
walked right past them, thinking "Those guys are annoying." Then I hit
my head. There was buzzing, then bees. I freaked out!

I had literally walked into a hornet's nest. And it hurt. I ran down the
street screaming, "Ai yai yai!" until a bartender ran out and started
beating me with an ice bat to get the bees off.

It worked. I bought him a beer. I should have listened to the men on the
bench, and thank God for Carlos (the bartender). Tip: When conducting
business in Cuba, remember: Like anywhere, there are good people and bad
people.

When you find the good people, stick by them, and they will stick by
you. I myself keep in touch with Carlos; he is a great man, one of the
"good people." When my language business is ready to open up shop in
Cuba, he will be instrumental.

6. Figure out the currency beforehand.
it's confusing, but there are two categories: the CUC and CUP.
Technically, one is for foreigners, and the other is for locals. Prices
are shown in both currencies and tend to match up. That said, we were
refused taxi service to the airport (after having fled the hotel)
because we tried to pay with CUP (after realizing that the exchange rate
says 1 CUC = .37 CUP, I understood why).

We essentially tried to pay a $50 taxi bill with $18.50. Tip: When
conducting business in Cuba: Get a good CFO and find a local accounting
company in Havana. This is hard to do, and to be honest, I'm still
trying to figure out the currency. But here is a good starting point.

7. Internet: Don't expect a lot.
Get ready to hate your computer. I lived in China for eight years, and
China is the dark kingdom when it comes to the Internet. But I wasn't as
frustrated there as I was in Cuba. Of course, in China I knew what was
happening, but only partly. In Cuba, however, it was just . . . so . . .
slow. On top of that, the only place with Internet connectivity was the
hotel where we stayed. At least in China, you could get service in
almost any bar, restaurant or hotel you walked into. Tip: When
conducting business in Cuba: Print out everything you need before you go.

8. Be prepared to barter.
Always. Barter for cabs, meals, beers, rickshaws, whatever. Everyone
barters in Cuba, and you need to be ruthless at it. We drove our taxi
rides down from 15 CUC to 7 CUC in four days. So, bartering is a good
skill to have, and honing it on the streets will set you up for success
in the boardroom, which may be little more than just a dirty closet. So,
get ready. Tip: When conducting business in Cuba: do what I just said.

¡Buen viaje!
In sum, Cuba is an unbelievable place. Enjoy the history, the beaches
and the ride . . . especially the kind you get in a 1957 Chevy
convertible. Just be careful, and aware. Cuba is not Miami, Key West or
Mexico. It is a different place and deserves both your respect -- and
your business.

Our mistake was, we weren't aware and had to sneak out of our hotel at
4:30 a.m. We also failed to pay $250 in incidentals, got robbed at the
airport and left with just 25 cents to our name. So, don't be us. Be
smart, respectful and attentive; and you will be treated the same way.

Source: Headed to Cuba for Business? ¡Cuidado! -
http://www.entrepreneur.com/article/252833

Abbott Wants More Cuban Trade

Abbott Wants More Cuban Trade
December 3, 2015 7:05 AM

AUSTIN (AP) – Republican Texas Gov. Greg Abbott ended his Cuba trip
Wednesday heralding trade opportunities with an eagerness that closer
aligned him with the Obama administration than top 2016 GOP presidential
contenders.

Abbott left Havana without announcing new partnerships but suggested
some are in the works. He also defended making a relationship-building
trip to Cuba after having previously vowed to limit business travel to
when there is a deal to make, unlike his globe-trotting predecessor,
Rick Perry.

Cuban officials told Abbott a day earlier that there were little
opportunities for Texas businesses on the island at the moment, and
Cuba-U.S. trade remains frozen in almost every area except tourism.

Texas has traded some goods allowed under the embargo with Cuba for
years but sees the potential for more as the U.S. and Cuba normalize
relations after a half-century of hostility. Abbott would not say
whether he supports ending the trade embargo but seemed pleased with the
doors opened by the White House.

The governor, who brags about suing the Obama administration 30 times
when he was attorney general, said those disputes were over his beliefs
that the law was being broken.

"Sitting here right now, I cannot say they are doing that with their
current decision" to normalize relations, Abbott said during a
conference call with reporters from Havana.

But Republican presidential candidate and Texas Sen. Ted Cruz — who
calls Abbott a mentor — favors a more hardline stance with Cuba and
return to old restrictions, as does fellow GOP candidate Marco Rubio.
Both have blasted the White House over easing tensions with Cuba, and
Cruz has accused Obama of legitimizing Cuban President Raul Castro.

A spokeswoman for Cruz, who once worked under Abbott as Texas solicitor
general, did not return an email message seeking comment.

Cuba's minister of foreign trade and investment told Abbott Cuban
officials don't think the White House's next occupant will affect the
countries' relations.

"We think whoever gets elected president this process will continue,"
said Rodrigo Malmierca Diaz, according to a press pool report of the
meeting.

Abbott did not meet with Castro. Nor did two other U.S. governors,
Arkansas Republican Asa Hutchinson and New York Democrat Andrew Cuomo,
during their visits to Cuba earlier this year.

Cuomo visited in April and announced that a Buffalo cancer institute had
signed an agreement with a Cuban medical center to develop a lung cancer
vaccine. Abbott said Cuba is also interested in forging new medical
technology partnership with Texas.

Hutchinson returned in September adamant in his views that the embargo
should be gradually eased. He has called on Congress to relax travel and
financial restrictions that he once enforced as the undersecretary of
the U.S. Department of Homeland Security.

Cuban officials have been using visits by U.S. politicians as
opportunities to advocate for Congress to lift the half-century-old
embargo. Abbott, however, declined to take a stance.

"I consider this to be an issue of federal prerogative," Abbott said.
"It's not within the parameters of my job to be able to set the rules.
But it's my job to play within those rules."

Source: Abbott Wants More Cuban Trade « CBS Dallas / Fort Worth -
http://dfw.cbslocal.com/2015/12/03/abbott-wants-more-cuban-trade/

Keep US Chamber out of Cuba policy

Keep US Chamber out of Cuba policy
By Mauricio Claver-Carone

With predictable consistency in modern times, the U.S. Chamber of
Commerce has exercised its poor judgment on the defining foreign-policy
issues our nation faces. Even worse, it's always for the same
short-sighted reason: It places the profits of some member company above
American foreign-policy interests.

Profits are important. So are the nation's foreign-policy interests.
They are not always compatible.

In 1941, the Chamber actively lobbied against American involvement in
World War II.

"American businessmen oppose American involvement in any foreign war,"
the Chamber argued then. Why? Because some of its member companies,
including DuPont, Standard Oil and Alcoa, had business arrangements with
German companies and cartels, and were afraid to disrupt business and
the flow of profits. So Hitler was deemed palatable. "Hitherto we
have been a nation... with no jealousy or resentment with respect to the
aggrandizements of other countries," said the Chamber.

The Chamber also fought bitterly against Gen. Douglas McArthur's
post-war breakup of the zaibatsu – Japan's imperial monopolies that
controlled the country's economy and whose executives were responsible
for countless war crimes. Why would the U.S. Chamber support Japan's
monopolies? To maintain long-established, pre-war business
relationships between the imperial monopolies and American companies.

Imagine how different the world would have been if the Chamber had
gotten its way.

In 1982, the Chamber actively lobbied against President Ronald Reagan's
policy to boycott and prevent construction of the Trans-Siberian gas
pipeline.

Reagan believed that the pipeline would provide the Soviet Union with
hard currency that it desperately needed and make Germany and France
energy-dependent on the USSR. The Chamber cared only about General
Electric's contracts for compressors, turbine rotors and pipe-laying
equipment. It even publicly accused Reagan of "economic warfare" and
fanning a "potentially dangerous conflict" within NATO.
History has shown that the Reagan administration's disruption of the
pipeline was a key factor in the collapse of the Soviet empire and,
again, how dangerously wrong the Chamber was.

In 2010, the Chamber actively lobbied against sanctions imposed on Iran.

Those sanctions are now universally credited for having debilitated
Iran's regime and for bringing it to the negotiating table.

Aside from the mullahs, of course, guess who were the main U.S.
opponents to imposing those sanctions? That's right -- the U.S. Chamber
of Commerce.

A nuclear Iran? U.S. national security? Neither was a priority for the
Chamber. What mattered were the business interests of Cargill, Boeing,
Halliburton, Caterpillar and Siemens.

In 2014, the Chamber actively lobbied against sanctions on Russia for
its aggression toward the Ukraine.

No armed incursion, violent provocation or violation of international
law is worth disrupting any financial, defense or energy deal with
Russia's President Vladimir Putin's cronies, argued the Chamber.
Needless to say, Putin has gotten that dangerous message loud and clear.

And following this tradition, last month, the Chamber led a delegation
to the Havana International Trade Fair -- desperately seeking a deal
with Castro's monopolies.

Here in the United States, the Chamber likes to talk disingenuously
about Cuba's "emerging private sector," the "people" and
"entrepreneurship." Media reports, however, described how it was all
about meetings with Castro's apparatchiks -- over cigars and mojitos --
at the mezzanine of the twice-confiscated, luxurious Hotel Saratoga.

It was about how to cut a deal with one of the shadow companies run by
Castro's military and intelligence services, which control more than 80
percent of the Cuban economy.

"We need two or three or four or five important deals... to show that
there's momentum, to show that this is for real," said former U.S.
Secretary of Commerce Carlos Gutierrez.

(Newsflash: Since 1992 and 2001 – as a result of exemptions to U.S.
sanctions on Cuba – more than 250 U.S. companies have cut deals with
Castro's telecom monopoly, ETECSA, and food import monopoly, ALIMPORT.
None of the money the Cuban government collects has trickled-down to the
Cuban people.)

The new "deals" may be dandy for Gutierrez's consulting fees, the Havana
trysts of the delegates of the Chamber's members, and heirs of the
Castro brothers, but the deals do nothing to promote political and
economic freedom for the Cuban people. To the contrary -- they has
proven to only empower the Castro family's repressive political and
economic monopoly.

So, for the noble cause of a free and democratic Cuba -- please, don't
let the Chamber of Commerce set U.S.-Cuba policy.

Claver-Carone is a director of the U.S.-Cuba Democracy PAC and editor of
CapitolHillCubans.com in Washington, D.C. He is an attorney who formerly
served with the U.S. Department of the Treasury and has served on the
full-time faculty of The Catholic University of America's School of Law
and adjunct faculty of The George Washington University's National Law
Center.

Source: Keep US Chamber out of Cuba policy | TheHill -
http://thehill.com/blogs/congress-blog/foreign-policy/261669-keep-us-chamber-out-of-cuba-policy

How to Survive a Business Trip to Cuba

How to Survive a Business Trip to Cuba
by Matt Alderton | December 02, 2015

With travel to Cuba now legal, many Americans are anxious to do business
there. Before you get too excited about the opportunities in and around
Havana, however, consider the cautionary tale of Entrepreneur.com
contributor Ryan McMunn, founder and CEO of BRIC Language Systems.

"I went to Cuba in September on a research/business trip," McMunn says.
"But I never got to enjoy the country's glorious beaches, its
picturesque old Chevys, its friendly, exuberant people. Instead, I got
fleeced."

Their years of strained relations mean Americans and Cubans are still
largely unfamiliar to one another. And any time you're unfamiliar, you
should also be careful, according to McMunn, who says it's easy to be
taken advantage of in Cuba. To protect yourself, he advises, figure out
the currency beforehand and be prepared to barter.

"You can't use U.S. credit or debit cards in Cuba, no matter what your
bank tells you," McMunn reports. "Instead, bring enough euros or
Canadian dollars to survive your stay and make it to your meetings."

As for bartering: "Barter for cabs, meals, beers, rickshaws, whatever,"
he says. "Everyone barters in Cuba, and you need to be ruthless at it.
We drove our taxi rides down from 15 CUC to 7 CUC in four days. So,
bartering is a good skill to have, and honing it on the streets will set
you up for success in the boardroom, which may be little more than just
a dirty closet. So, get ready.

Source: How to Survive a Business Trip to Cuba: Successful Meetings -
http://www.successfulmeetings.com/Strategy/SM-How-To/How-to-Survive-a-Business-Trip-to-Cuba/

InselAir’s New Route Miami – Cuba

InselAir's New Route: Miami – Cuba

MIAMI, WILLEMSTAD – The local aviation company InselAir started
yesterday with charter flights from Miami to Cuba. In partnership with
three U.S. agencies they provide up to nine daily flights to four
different destinations in Cuba.

This major contract for InselAir is the result of four years of
intensive negotiations. This is according to Jurgen Lippinkhof, Chief
Commercial Officer (CCO) of the airline.

The three U.S. operators may not fly to Cuba so they use InselAir. The
airlines started yesterday operating flights between Miami, Santiago de
Cuba, Camaguey, Holguin and Havana.

The agreement is for an indefinite period.

Source: InselAir's new route: Miami – Cuba - Curaçao Chronicle -
http://curacaochronicle.com/aviation/inselairs-new-route-miami-cuba/

This Workaround Lets 2.6 Million Cubans Surf the Web

This Workaround Lets 2.6 Million Cubans Surf the Web
Written by J.M. PORUP
2 December 2015 // 02:00 PM CET

A popular wifi zone is in front of the Havana Libre hotel, which was a
Hilton before Fidel Castro seized it. Image: David Osit for Motherboard
More and more Cubans are getting access to the internet, thanks to
government Wi-Fi hotspots and a loosening of trade restrictions with the
US. However, many locals still don't have access to the web or can't
afford it.

That's why not-for-profit Miami startup Apretaste set up a system to
allow Cubans to browse the web via email, which more people have access
to. Only about 400,000 Cubans can freely browse the web, according to
Apretaste, but 2.6 million have access to email.

The service is simple. Users can get the Wikipedia entry for Cuba, for
example, by sending an email to apretaste@apretaste.com with the subject
line "Wikipedia Cuba." Apretaste will download the Wikipedia page in
Spanish, compress it to minimize the size of the resulting HTML file,
and email it to back to the user.

In addition to searching Wikipedia, Apretaste also runs a
Craigslist-like service that connects buyers and sellers in Cuba.

To browse the online store, users send an email to
apretaste@apretaste.com with a subject of, for example, "TIENDA carro"
[STORE car] to search for people buying and selling cars. Users can also
publish for sale or wanted ads using the email interface.

Apretaste includes a number of other services, including an online
translation service, and also lets users check the weather and download
maps.

Roughly 25-30 percent of Cuba's 11 million citizens have access to the
country's island-only intranet, according to Freedom House, a US-based
watchdog organization dedicated to the expansion of freedom and
democracy around the world.

Cubans on the intranet can use email accounts on local email servers to
communicate with the rest of the world, but are not allowed to use
foreign email services like Gmail. Freedom House estimates 5 percent of
Cubans have access to the global internet, which is heavily censored.
Dissident news sites, the Revolico classified service, foreign email
providers, and all VoIP calls are blocked, according to Freedom House.
Facebook and Twitter are blocked most of the time.

"It's much harder to censor email in Cuba than it is to censor web
traffic," Apretaste founder Salvi Pascual said. While many Cuban
internet users rely on the government-run Nauta.cu or Enet.cu email
services, there are thousands of email servers on the island. "Every
workplace and college has their own email servers."

Apretaste currently processes around 45,000 emails from roughly 10,000
unique visitors per month, and Pascual expects the service to continue
growing. He plans to add an email interface to Facebook and Twitter, so
that Cuban users can participate in social media via email.

Apretaste won the 2014 Hackathon for Cuba in Miami, and has grown ever
since. A couple weeks ago at FossetCon, a free and open source software
conference in Florida, Pascual told the audience about Apretaste, and
added that, during a visit to Cuba in February, he wound up in jail for
his work. (Motherboard was unable to independently confirm this, but the
Cuban government doesn't exactly publicize these types of arrests.)

"It was an intense experience," he wrote in an email. "I was in jail for
four months in Cuba because they want to know more about Apretaste and
the job I was doing. It was awful, and that is an experience that I am
not very good at telling, and there is no much excitement about it."

"It was just a bad time that made stronger my will to keep sending
uncensored sources of information to the people of Cuba," he added.

Apretaste does not receive government funding, Pascual said, but instead
relies on donations from private individuals, so future developments
depend on donations of time and money. The code is available on GitHub.

In October, researchers at Northwestern University presented findings
that Cuban internet infrastructure is "among the poorest in the
Americas." It's almost one of the most expensive—in a country where the
average monthly wage is $20, Cubans pay $2/hour for internet and $1/MB
to check email on their phones.

"Apretaste definitely fills a need," José Luis Martínez from the
Foundation for Human Rights in Cuba, an NGO based in Miami, told
Motherboard in a phone call.

"About a year ago," he said, "the Cuban government for the first time
allowed for Cubans to have access to basic email on their phones. But
they aren't allowed to have internet on their phones, that's why this is
such an interesting project."

"Cubans both on and off the island are constantly looking for creative
workarounds to get more information," Martinez said. "[Apretaste] are
taking advantage of this crack in the system."

Source: This Workaround Lets 2.6 Million Cubans Surf the Web |
Motherboard -
http://motherboard.vice.com/en_ca/read/this-workaround-lets-26-million-cubans-surf-the-web

Realizan 4ta conferencia "Lo que necesita la economía cubana"

Realizan 4ta conferencia "Lo que necesita la economía cubana"
[02-12-2015 23:51:32]
Steve Maikel Pardo Valdes

(www.miscelaneasdecuba.net).- En días recientes, miembros de varias
organizaciones políticas y otros representantes de la sociedad civil
cubana, participaron en la cuarta Conferencia: "Lo que necesita la
economía cubana". El evento reunió a una veintena de participantes y se
realizó en el capitalino Vedado.
La conferencia, auspiciada por la Plataforma Candidatos por el Cambio,
contó en su presentación con la Licenciada Karina Calvo Chubi, una de
las promotoras del proyecto Centro de Estudios Convivencia y dedicó su
sesión para analizar las temáticas "Encuentros de Reflexión Económica,
Que puede proponerse en el ambiente económico desde ahora y después de
una posición dentro del poder 'POPULAR'" y "Qué necesita la economía
cubana", entre otros temas.

Julio Antonio Aleaga Pesant, coordinador del proyecto, apuntó: "Nuestro
proyecto busca insertarse en la vida económica, política y social del
país y, una vez dentro del sistema, haríamos propuestas que signifiquen
una alternativa real".

Para Agustín López Canino, Director del Portal Digital Cubanos de
Adentro y de Abajo, hablar de una independencia en la auto gestión
personal, familiar, que incluye el incremento de la creación de las
pequeñas y medianas empresas, es una cuestión que presupone la aparición
de personas con niveles de ingresos altos, algo incompatible con el
poder, pues teme a la acumulación de riquezas.
Ante un polémico debate acerca del tema sobre el incremento de
exportaciones y sustitución de importaciones, Karina acotó: "La decisión
sobre estas cuestiones es una decisión que debe descansar en el soberano
que es quién produce las riquezas y a medida que observe su desarrollo,
irá elevando su nivel de gestión y calidad de los productos o servicios".

Leonardo Calvo Cárdenas, del Movimiento Arco Progresista, al intervenir
en el evento analizó la problemática en que se encuentra la economía
cubana y aseveró: "La economía en Cuba es prisionera de la política por
eso el sistema no funciona".

Finalmente el abogado Miguel Iturria Medina, destacó que es imposible
pensar en cambios graduales dentro de la economía del país sin la
participación del estado, pero esta, tiene que estar en consonancia con
la motivación de los individuos para que jueguen un papel activo dentro
de la misma, sin limitar sus potencialidades.

Source: Realizan 4ta conferencia 'Lo que necesita la economía cubana' -
Misceláneas de Cuba -
http://www.miscelaneasdecuba.net/web/Article/Index/565f75f43a682e046061610d#.VmBqqvmrTjY

Las medidas contra los médicos solo traerán 'mayor inconformidad', advierten cubanos en foros oficiales online

Las medidas contra los médicos solo traerán 'mayor inconformidad',
advierten cubanos en foros oficiales online
DDC | La Habana | 3 Dic 2015 - 2:59 pm.

Cubanos que participaron en foros online abiertos por el diario oficial
Granma y el sitio Cubadebate.cu para responder dudas, se mostraron
"indignados" y protestaron ante la puesta en vigor, a partir del 7 de
diciembre, de una medida que limita los viajes fuera de la Isla "por
razones particulares" de médicos especialistas.

La mayoría de los participantes en ambos foros plantearon preguntas
dirigidas a representantes del Ministerio de Salud de la Isla. Otros
aprovecharon para manifestar su disgusto ante la medida, y consideraron
que significa "un retroceso" a políticas que "ya se habían desechado".

Según informó el martes el Gobierno en una extensa declaración, a partir
del 7 de diciembre los especialistas necesitarán autorización para salir
del país por asuntos personales. Según las autoridades, la intención es
"garantizar un servicio de salud eficiente y de calidad" y mitigar "la
creciente contratación no planificada de médicos cubanos en otros países".

"La medida (…) tendrá efectos más perjudiciales que beneficiosos y es
sencillamente porque no va al fondo del problema", señaló en Cubadebate
una usuaria que escribió bajo el nombre de "Médico Cubana", reportó EFE.
Advirtió que si se quiere detener la migración, se deben resolver antes
cuestiones como los bajos salarios y las malas condiciones de trabajo.

Las condiciones de trabajo y vida de los médicos fueron los
señalamientos más repetidos en ambos foros. "Tomar medidas de contención
solo traerá mayor inconformidad en la gente y descrédito para quienes
nos dirigen", dijo Médico Cubana.

Otra participante, identificada como Tatiana, comentó "en nombre de
algunos colegas" que son "muchos los indignados por la medida" y se
preguntó por qué se "perjudica" a los profesionales "que tanto están
aportando a la economía del país".

La exportación de servicios profesionales, fundamentalmente en el sector
de la salud, es la principal fuente de ingresos del Gobierno. Sin
embargo, un médico especialista de segundo grado gana en la Isla un
salario equivalente a 66 dólares al mes, según cifras oficiales.

Entretanto, La Habana se queda con hasta un 75 por ciento de los
salarios que pagan gobiernos y entidades internacionales que contratan
médicos cubanos.

"Me parece que las medidas retomadas son un retroceso (...) son
discriminatorias de un sector de la población cubana y que violan los
derechos de ese grupo", expresó Emilio.

Los representantes del MINSAP pidieron en los foros "confianza" en la
Revolución y en quienes "hacen lo mejor para todos".

"¿Y cuándo los que hacen lo mejor para todos van a contar con el resto
de los profesionales de la salud, los que trabajamos en la base, para
hacer cosas como esas?", preguntó en el foro de Cubadebate Dr.
Mascherano secundado por Isidro, quien afirmó que "la libertad de viajar
es para todos los cubanos".

En Granma, algunos usuarios defendieron la decisión del Gobierno.

"Casi es un problema de seguridad nacional. Está la voluntad política de
nuestro Estado y Gobierno de mantener a toda costa la salud gratuita de
todos los ciudadanos cubanos como esencial derecho a la vida (tener
salud)", dijo Saul Swaby Wilson.

"Considero que antes de que se comience a estudiar la medicina, los
padres y alumnos deben saber que es para la atención al pueblo cubano,
que se esfuerza para que estudien gratuitamente (…) y para eso deben
permanecer en estas labores un buen tiempo, yo diría que al menos de 20
a 25 años, o de lo contrario que no estudien Medicina", añadió. El "robo
de cerebros es el gran terrorismo que nos ataca hoy y debemos
combatirlo", opinó.

Pablo LML propuso que los graduados de Medicina paguen "el coste de su
formación" si quieren abandonar el país.

"Solo podrán irse de Cuba sin pagar nada los que hayan estado trabajando
en el sistema de salud cubano al menos 10 años en un caso y 15 en el
otro [especialistas], pues como se hace en cualquier parte del mundo, el
Estado ha gastado en ellos una cierta cantidad de dinero y ese dinero
tiene que devolverse en trabajo o en moneda", abundó el forista en su
propuesta.

"Estoy de acuerdo que se detenga el robo de cerebros, pero hay que
analizar bien el por qué esos profesionales deciden dejar su patria y su
familia", consideró por su parte Mechi.

"Es lamentable la política de los Estados Unidos, pero la triste
realidad en Cuba es que los especialistas no tienen los salarios que
merecen, igual pasa con los maestros que se están trasladando hacia
otros sectores debido a la excesiva carga de trabajo y muy bajos
salarios, creo que es hora de que el Gobierno revolucionario tome
medidas en cuanto al salario de ambos profesionales", señaló un usuario
que se identificó como Amanece.

Varios participantes criticaron que el foro se realizara online en un
país con bajo acceso a internet y propusieron que se celebrara en la
televisión con "comunicación telefónica abierta para que todos puedan
opinar".

Otros señalaron que la mayoría de los médicos que están fuera de Cuba
han salido de forma legal.

"Es verdad que existe un déficit de atención en los servicios médicos
cubanos (…) pero para mí la principal causa ha sido la colaboración
médica, ya que existen miles de trabajadores de este sector prestando
servicio en misiones internacionalistas", dijo JCCUbanito.

"¿Qué ganamos con censurar la salida de ciertos profesionales? Quizás a
corto plazo retengamos ese personal, pero a largo plazo pudiera suceder
que simplemente no existiera ese especialista porque no se gradúa por el
simple hecho de no tener un grillete", alertó por su parte Osmay.

"¿Se han preguntado nuestros dirigentes si la única causa que estimula a
nuestros profesionales a salir del país son las leyes migratorias
norteamericanas? (…) Le han preguntado a esos profesionales si
consideran justo que cuando se contratan 'regularmente' a través de las
instituciones gubernamentales [para trabajar en el exterior] solo
perciban el 25% o menos del monto que por ellos pagan?", cuestionó Juan.

Source: Las medidas contra los médicos solo traerán 'mayor
inconformidad', advierten cubanos en foros oficiales online | Diario de
Cuba - http://www.diariodecuba.com/cuba/1449151196_18547.html

El régimen trata de tranquilizar a los médicos - 'Tengan confianza como siempre en quienes hacen lo mejor para todos'

El régimen trata de tranquilizar a los médicos: 'Tengan confianza como
siempre en quienes hacen lo mejor para todos'
DDC | La Habana | 2 Dic 2015 - 10:14 pm.

Tres voceras del Ministerio de Salud Pública (MINSAP) —Mariela García,
Tania Bárbara Guerrero y Nancy Pérez— pidieron este miércoles a los
médicos afectados por las nuevas medidas migratorias que "tengan
confianza, como siempre, en quienes hacen lo mejor para todos" porque
"el pueblo lo va a agradecer".

"La Revolución ha contado siempre" con los médicos "como vanguardia de
todas las conquistas", agregaron en un foro online realizado en
Cubadebate, donde trataron de responder las dudas e inquietudes de los
galenos que enviaron preguntas al medio oficialista.

Las funcionarias aseguraron en sus respuestas que las nuevas medidas
migratorias no implican que se esté "prohibiendo la salida del país"
para realizar viajes personales o residir en el exterior.

Asimismo, a cuestionamientos de los lectores, señalaron que "se trata de
organizar los servicios para garantizar una atención de salud de calidad
a la población".

Las funcionarias indicaron que la medida "solo incluye a los médicos
especialistas y residentes del último año de todas las especialidades
menos medicina general integral".

Aclararon además que "todos los médicos especialistas y residentes de
último año de estas especialidades tienen que realizar la solicitud en
su centro de trabajo de acuerdo al procedimiento establecido".

Añadieron que "de forma expedita se le dará respuesta a su solicitud de
trámite por salida temporal" en el centro de trabajo.

El procedimiento establecido se inicia con la solicitud del trabajador
al director de su entidad argumentando el motivo de su salida (viaje
temporal o residir en el exterior).

A partir de aquí, el director "fundamenta la garantía de continuidad de
la atención médica al pueblo" y "cómo se organiza el servicio para que
no se afecte con su salida".

Los solicitantes, dijeron, recibirán "la respuesta de manera ágil en un
término de hasta 50 días".

En cuanto al personal médico que ya tiene algún viaje concertado debe
solicitar "de inmediato", al director de la institución "con la
fundamentación correspondiente", el trámite que será enviado al MINSAP,
advirtieron las funcionarias.

Las voceras señalaron que todos los médicos que fueron baja del Sistema
Nacional y se encuentran en el exterior antes de la nueva medida, al
regresar al país no tienen que solicitar ningún tipo de autorización.

En este sentido, indicaron que estos "no son trabajadores en el sistema,
la mayoría cumplieron los trámites establecidos anteriormente, por lo
que pueden entrar y salir del país de acuerdo a las leyes migratorias
vigentes".

Source: El régimen trata de tranquilizar a los médicos: 'Tengan
confianza como siempre en quienes hacen lo mejor para todos' | Diario de
Cuba - http://www.diariodecuba.com/cuba/1449090848_18536.html

Hablan las cifras

Hablan las cifras
ROBERTO ÁLVAREZ QUIÑONES | Los Ángeles | 3 Dic 2015 - 2:37 pm.

En Cuba, los agricultores privados, individuales u organizados en
cooperativas, solo disponen del 23.4% de los 6.3 millones de hectáreas
tierras cultivables, mientras que el Estado es propietario del otro
76.6%, o sea, 4.8 millones de hectáreas, según datos de 2015 de la
Oficina Nacional de Estadística e Información (ONEI).

De ese 76.6%, a las empresas estatales de corte estalinista y las
empresas paraestatales llamadas Unidades Básicas de Producción
Cooperativa (UBPC), manejadas por el Gobierno —y que cuentan con las
mejores tierras y con recursos financieros—, les corresponde el 50% (3.2
millones de hectáreas), mientras el otro 26% lo constituyen tierras
arrendadas por el régimen a unos 172.000 usufructuarios.

Pues bien, de acuerdo con la ONEI, en el primer semestre de 2015 el país
produjo 5.7 millones de toneladas de viandas, hortalizas, arroz,
frijoles y frutas, de las cuales las empresas estatales y las UBPC solo
aportaron el 10%, o sea, 570.000 toneladas. El otro 90% fue producido
por los agricultores privados y los usufructuarios, con un área agrícola
total incluso algo menor (3.1 millones de hectáreas) .

¿Sorprendente? No si se tiene en cuenta que hace unos 2.360 años ya
Aristóteles, opuesto a su maestro Platón, se dio cuenta de que la
propiedad privada es superior a la colectiva porque la "diversidad de la
humanidad es más productiva" y porque "los bienes cuando son comunes
reciben menor cuidado que cuando son propios". El soñador Platón
proponía abolir la propiedad privada para edificar una sociedad perfecta
basada en la propiedad colectiva o comunal.

En el siglo XIII, en plena Edad Media, el filósofo y clérigo Tomás de
Aquino ya aseguraba que "el individuo propietario es más responsable y
administra mejor". Y medio milenio después uno de los fundadores de la
era moderna, el escoces Adam Smith, descubrió la mano invisible que
nadie había notado antes y que mueve al mundo. "Al buscar su propio
interés", escribió Smith en La riqueza de las naciones (1776), "el
hombre a menudo favorece el de la sociedad mejor que cuando realmente
desea hacerlo".

O sea, que por instinto natural todos los seres humanos buscamos un
claro beneficio personal, y a medida que lo logramos, automáticamente se
beneficia el resto de la sociedad. La riqueza material de una nación no
es más que la sumatoria de las riquezas creadas por los individuos.

Eso fue lo que le dijo el ex presidente español Felipe González a Fidel
Castro en La Habana a mediados de los años 80: "Fidel, siempre las
lechugas que yo cultive en mi patio van a ser mejores que las que
coseche el Estado". El dictador le respondió que el Estado tiene más
posibilidades de emplear tecnología, dinero y otros recursos para
obtener una mayor productividad.

A fines de los años 50, un economista marxista dirigente del Partido
Socialista Popular (PSP), Oscar Pino Santos, denunció en un ensayo que
Cuba estaba importando nada menos que el 29% de los alimentos que
consumía y que eso era un crimen causado por la propiedad latifundista
y la "explotación del imperialismo norteamericano y la burguesía nacional".

Hoy, socialismo mediante, el país importa el 80% de los alimentos
($2.000 millones anuales) y los casi infinitos latifundios estatales
producen menos que cuando el PSP hizo aquella denuncia.

En Cuba, según la ONEI, solo están cultivadas realmente 3.4 millones de
hectáreas. Es decir, el 54% del total de tierras no produce nada. En
2014, de 1.8 millones de hectáreas de tierra que poseen las grandes
empresas estatales centralizadas, solo estaban cultivadas 329.584
hectáreas. O sea, el 17.8% del total.

La Cuba 'oprimida' comía mejor

Sin embargo, la Cuba "expoliada" por la propiedad privada capitalista se
autoabastecía de carne de res (desde 1940), leche, frutas tropicales,
café y tabaco. Y era casi autosuficiente en pescados y mariscos, carne
de cerdo, de pollo, viandas, hortalizas, y huevos. Era el primer país
latinoamericano en consumo de pescado y el tercero en consumo de
calorías, con 2.682 diarias. Había una vaca por habitante. Y además el
país ocupaba el séptimo lugar mundial en salario agrícola promedio, con
$3 diarios, según la Organización Internacional del Trabajo (OIT).

En cuanto a la propiedad privada en general, y no solo en la
agricultura, de acuerdo con el Anuario Estadístico de la ONU en 1958
Cuba era el octavo país del mundo con mayor salario promedio en el
sector industrial, con $6.00 diarios, por encima de Gran Bretaña
($5.75), Alemania Occidental ($4.13) y Francia ($3.26). La lista la
encabezaban EE.UU ($16.80) y Canadá ($11.73).

Ese mismo año Cuba ocupó el segundo lugar latinoamericano en número de
automóviles, con 40 habitantes por vehículo, y registró la mayor
longitud de vías férreas en Latinoamérica, con un kilómetro de vía por
cada 8 kilómetros cuadrados. Y era líder en televisores, con 28
habitantes por receptor (tercer lugar en el mundo).

La isla "dominada por el imperialismo" tenía la más baja tasa de
inflación en Latinoamérica, con 1.4%, y era la tercera economía más
solvente de la región por sus reservas de oro y de divisas y por la
estabilidad del peso, a la par siempre con el dólar. Exportaba más
bienes que los que importaba y tenía superávit en su balanza comercial.
Era el país latinoamericano con menor mortalidad infantil y el que
dedicaba mayor porcentaje del gasto público a la educación, con el 23 %.
(Costa Rica, 20%; Argentina, 19.6%, y México el 14.7%). En 1953,
Francia, Gran Bretaña, Holanda y Finlandia, contaban proporcionalmente
con menos médicos y dentistas que Cuba.

Cuba era también en 1958 el país de América Latina con más salas de cine
(en proporción a la población), ostentaba el segundo puesto en cantidad
de periódicos, con 8 habitantes por ejemplar, luego de Uruguay (6), y
tenía el segundo lugar en teléfonos, con 28 habitantes por aparato.

En fin, aquella nación sometida a la "voraz" propiedad privada
capitalista era uno de los tres países de Latinoamérica con mayor
ingreso per cápita, con 374 dólares, el doble que en España ($180) y
casi igual al de Italia.

Pero en 1959 los hermanos Castro asaltaron el poder, hicieron lo que
proponía Platón y los resultados están a la vista. En el país que atraía
como imán a inmigrantes de todo el planeta —atrajo a 1.3 millones de
inmigrantes solo entre 1902 y 1930— ahora casi todos quieren emigrar,
como sea, porque "la situación está cada vez peor".

Casi 57 años de dictadura marxista-leninista han convertido a Cuba en
uno de los tres países más pobres del hemisferio y el más atrasado
tecnológicamente, en el que además se carece de las más elementales
libertades humanas. Pese a las dramáticas evidencias, la corrupta cúpula
político-militar se dedica a "actualizar" el socialismo y se niega a
liberar la fuerza creadora de los cubanos.

El castrismo impide que actúe la mano invisible que edificó el mundo
moderno al amparo de una filosofía que resume un antiguo refrán español
de raíz campesina: "El ojo del amo engorda el caballo".

Source: Hablan las cifras | Diario de Cuba -
http://www.diariodecuba.com/cuba/1449071306_18525.html

Los secretos mejor guardados

Los secretos mejor guardados
OSMAR LAFFITA ROJAS | La Habana | 3 Dic 2015 - 7:02 am.

En el VII Congreso del Partido Comunista, convocado para abril de 2016,
se deberá rendir cuentas acerca del cumplimiento de los acuerdos tomados
en el VI Congreso y someter a debate las líneas programáticas para el
nuevo período.

En los cinco años transcurridos desde el VI Congreso, todo lo
relacionado con el cumplimiento de los acuerdos tomados en él ha estado
rodeado de un absoluto secretismo. Hasta el presente, la población
ignora lo que se ha cumplido y lo que todavía está pendiente. Esto es:
cuántos de los 311 Lineamientos económicos aprobados en el VI Congreso
se han implementado, los que aún quedan pendientes de aplicación y cuál
ha sido el resultado de la llamada "actualización del modelo".

Tampoco se ha concretado el anunciado documento que recogería la
conceptualización teórica de la actualización del modelo económico.

Uno de los cerebros grises del régimen, Marino Murillo Jorge, titular de
Economía y Planificación, ha explicado a los diputados de la Asamblea
Nacional, no a la prensa oficial, que la susodicha conceptualización
descansa en los Lineamientos.

Así, no se pueden calificar de reformas económicas los pasos dados por
el régimen de Raúl Castro, que para garantizar la continuidad del
socialismo, continúa apostando por el predominio de la propiedad estatal
sobre los medios de producción.

El Gobierno ha asegurado que se permitirá la cohabitación de la
actividad privada y cooperativa con la estatal, y que esto permitirá la
redistribución del mercado, pero los diferentes actores no estarán en
igualdad de condiciones. Es el caso de los dueños de los pequeños
negocios privados, a los que no se les reconoce personalidad jurídica y
no tienen acceso al mercado mayorista.

Por parte del Gobierno hay una deliberada ralentización de la actividad
privada.

Según una información del diario Juventud Rebelde del pasado 13 de
junio, hay más de medio millón de "trabajadores por cuenta propia". Esa
cifra solo representa el 4% de los 11,2 millones de habitantes del país.

Murillo Jorge ha dejado claro que la llamada "actualización del modelo",
o sea, los Lineamientos económicos, no están dirigidos a cambiar la
estructura de propiedad vigente, sino que busca la implantación de
formas menos administrativas de dirigir la economía, pero sin renunciar
a la planificación.

El titular de Economía y Planificación, en las reuniones de la Asamblea
Nacional del Poder Popular de los días 6 y 7 de julio de 2013, dijo a
los diputados que la conceptualización de la actualización del modelo
económico requerirá buscar un enfoque teórico, cuyas ideas estarían
recogidas en un documento que las explicaría en detalles, pero aclaró
que el 80% de dicha conceptualización está recogida en los propios
Lineamientos.

Transcurridos dos años de esos planteamientos de Murillo, sigue sin
hacerse pública esa conceptualización.

Está claro que para las autoridades la actualización del modelo
económico presupone la modernización de la gestión económica, hacer las
empresas estatales más eficientes y rentables, con el consiguiente
desarrollo de las fuerzas productivas. Pero no significa que vaya a
haber un cambio en la estructura de la propiedad.

Esto queda refrendado en el Lineamiento económico No. 2 que señala: "El
modelo de gestión reconoce y promueve la empresa estatal, que es la
forma principal en la economía, además de las modalidades de inversión
extranjera previstas en la ley 118, las cooperativas, los
usufructuarios, los arrendatarios, y por último, los dedicados a los
pequeños negocios privados en el sector de los servicios".

Que la prioridad del desarrollo de la economía cubana descansa en la
empresas estatales y que los pequeños negocios privados y las
cooperativas no agropecuarias tendrán un papel secundario, sin
influencia, quedó confirmado cuando Murillo advirtió que la
"planificación continúa como el método fundamental de conducción de la
economía, en la búsqueda de los equilibrios macroeconómicos, porque una
economía sin equilibrio macroeconómico, frena el desarrollo de las
fuerzas productivas".

Llama la atención que en la limitada información brindada por la prensa
oficial de lo acontecido en las asambleas provinciales del Partido
Comunista, celebradas a partir del 2 de noviembre en Pinar del Rio,
Artemisa, Sancti Spíritus, Villa Clara, Cienfuegos, Ciego de Ávila,
Camaguey, Las Tunas, Holguín y Santiago de Cuba, no se reflejó cómo se
ha comportado la implementación de los Lineamientos económicos. Tampoco
se ha hecho referencia al desarrollo de la actividad privada y las
cooperativas en esas provincias.

A solo un mes de que termine el año, no se sabe si el anunciado 4% de
crecimiento del PIB se cumplirá. De eso no se brinda ninguna
información. Puede ser una señal de que algo no marcha como oficialmente
se había pronosticado.

Mientras, se sigue a la espera de la dichosa conceptualización.

Source: Los secretos mejor guardados | Diario de Cuba -
http://www.diariodecuba.com/cuba/1449023165_18509.html

Gobernador de Texas espera que su visita a Cuba sea 'el comienzo de una relación muy productiva'

Gobernador de Texas espera que su visita a Cuba sea 'el comienzo de una
relación muy productiva'
AGENCIAS | La Habana | 3 Dic 2015 - 11:49 am.

El gobernador del estado de Texas, Greg Abbott, durante su reunión con
Ricardo Cabrisas. La Habana, 2 de diciembre de 2015. (EFE)

El gobernador del estado de Texas, Greg Abbott, se reunió este miércoles
en La Habana con el vicepresidente cubano, Ricardo Cabrisas, al
finalizar su visita de trabajo de tres días acompañado de una delegación
empresarial en busca de oportunidades de negocios en la Isla, informa EFE.

Abbott, tercer gobernador estadounidense que viaja a Cuba desde que
comenzó el acercamiento Washington-La Habana, conversó con Cabrisas
sobre las relaciones económicas de la Isla con el exterior, informó la
estatal Agencia Cubana de Noticias (ACN).

Los intereses de los empresarios texanos y las oportunidades económicas,
tanto comerciales como de inversión en la Isla, así como los obstáculos
que existen para el comercio bilateral a causa del embargo de Estados
Unidos a Cuba, centraron el encuentro, según el reporte oficial.

En la misma jornada, el gobernador republicano se entrevistó con el
ministro cubano de Comercio Exterior y la Inversión Extranjera, Rodrigo
Malmierca, y directivos de la empresa estatal importadora de alimentos
Alimport, que compra a compañías estadounidenses desde 2001, cuando el
Congreso estadounidense autorizó las ventas de productos agropecuarios a
la Isla.

El martes, el gobernador Abbott también mantuvo encuentros con el
presidente de la corporación comercializadora estatal CIMEX, Héctor
Oroza, y visitó la Zona Especial de Desarrollo Económico que se
construye en el puerto de Mariel.

En sus intercambios con autoridades económicas de la Isla, Abbott dijo
que espera que se cierren acuerdos económicos entre el estado de Texas y
el Gobierno de Cuba si el embargo es levantado, para establecer una
relación mutuamente beneficiosa, según un comunicado emitido por la
oficina del gobernador.

"Este es el comienzo de lo que esperamos será una relación muy
productiva", dijo Abbott.

El gobernador de Texas viajó a Cuba el lunes en compañía de 24
funcionarios estatales y directivos agrícolas, comerciales y portuarios
de ese estado, la segunda mayor economía entre los que integran los
Estados Unidos.

Texas ha promovido las relaciones con La Habana en los últimos años con
la visita de misiones empresariales, una de ellas en 2008. La más
reciente estuvo en abril pasado para explorar oportunidades comerciales
que se han abierto a partir de la flexibilización de algunas
restricciones del embargo económico que aplica Estados Unidos a Cuba.

Source: Gobernador de Texas espera que su visita a Cuba sea 'el comienzo
de una relación muy productiva' | Diario de Cuba -
http://www.diariodecuba.com/cuba/1449139754_18542.html

La UE y La Habana cierran el capítulo comercial en la sexta ronda de negociaciones

La UE y La Habana cierran el capítulo comercial en la sexta ronda de
negociaciones
AGENCIAS | Bruselas | 2 Dic 2015 - 8:58 pm.

La Unión Europea (UE) y La Habana cerraron el capítulo económico y
comercial durante su sexta ronda de negociaciones y prácticamente
finalizaron la parte relativa a la cooperación y el diálogo, anunció
este miércoles el viceministro de Relaciones Exteriores de Cuba,
Abelardo Moreno Fernández.

"Hemos realizado progresos sustantivos hacia la conclusión del acuerdo"
de diálogo político y cooperación entre las partes, indicó Moreno
Fernández en rueda de prensa, al término de dos días de conversaciones
en Bruselas, informa EFE.

El representante castrista se mostró confiado en que ese pacto concluya
"lo antes posible".

"No me atrevo a ponerle fecha. Es mala práctica hacerlo, una negociación
termina cuando termina", dijo.

El viceministro de Relaciones Exteriores cubano precisó que el 90% de la
parte dedicada a la cooperación "ya fue concluida", mientras que queda
solo por resolver un par de artículos.

En cuanto al diálogo político, aseguró que las partes llegaron a
conclusiones "sobre muchos de los textos en cuestión".

Resumió que los objetivos de ese diálogo "consisten básicamente en
intercambiar puntos de vista sobre las posiciones de las dos partes en
relación con los temas de política internacional, con el fin de tratar
de llegar a posiciones comunes en la medida de lo posible en el marco de
los organismos internacionales".

Pese a que se lograron avances, "aún persisten diferencias de enfoques
que requerirán de un mayor trabajo" entre las partes, aunque el
representante de la Isla rehuyó detallar cuáles son los puntos más
complicados que quedan pendientes.

Resumió las áreas principales de cooperación previstas en el acuerdo, e
indicó que "en materia de derechos humanos se trabajará para
intercambiar criterios a fin de tratar de buscar una mayor cercanía en
esta materia" entre la UE y Cuba.

"Desde el punto de vista conceptual no existe una identidad plena de
criterios entre las dos partes", por lo que consideró importante
trabajar para buscar una aproximación.

El representante del régimen destacó el clima "constructivo y
profesional" de estas últimas conversaciones.

Asimismo, anunció que las partes acordaron reunirse de nuevo durante los
primeros meses de 2016 en La Habana, para celebrar la séptima ronda de
conversaciones.

Por su parte, la UE emitió un comunicado en el que destacó los avances
en algunos aspectos.

Civil Rights Defenders: 'No es aceptable' que la UE firme un convenio
con otro Estado excluyendo a la sociedad civil

Source: La UE y La Habana cierran el capítulo comercial en la sexta
ronda de negociaciones | Diario de Cuba -
http://www.diariodecuba.com/cuba/1449086314_18535.html

Moratinos factura más de 800.000 euros con un lobby que se ofrece para abrir el mercado cubano a las empresas

Moratinos factura más de 800.000 euros con un lobby que se ofrece para
abrir el mercado cubano a las empresas
DDC | La Habana | 2 Dic 2015 - 7:14 pm.

El excanciller socialista español Miguel Ángel Moratinos está al frente
de una compañía, International Consulting Partnership (ICP), que se
ofrece como puerta de entrada a Cuba para las empresas, según informa El
Confidencial.

La compañía declaró el pasado verano haber conseguido en 2014 unos
ingresos de 808.509,75 euros, un 46,8% más que el año anterior, cuando
cerró con una facturación de 550.468,25 euros. Sus beneficios también
crecen.

El lobby, que solo tiene una empleada en nómina, ganó el pasado año
160.574,36, un 24,6% más que en 2013, cuando se quedó en 128.785,25 euros.

Moratinos, que en febrero pasado viajó a la Isla con el expresidente
español José Luis Rodríguez Zapatero, ofrece desde su consultoría
diferentes servicios para abrir mercados a empresas que lo deseen.

La compañía está compuesta por su hija, Sandra Maunac, y antiguos altos
cargos socialistas españoles, como Juan Díaz, exjefe de gabinete del
excanciller, y Yolanda Parrado, exdirectora de Casa Mediterráneo.

Según El Confidencial, la última documentación comercial de la compañía
reconoce explícitamente que "mantiene importantes lazos económicos y
políticos" y "desarrolla proyectos" en "la República de Cuba".

"En esta región, [ICP] no solo ha favorecido las relaciones económicas
bilaterales, sino también las multilaterales a través de los organismos
regionales", según figura en un catálogo citado por El Confidencial.

Según el medio, la visita de febrero le habría servido a Moratinos para
engrasar sus vínculos con el régimen castrista con la colaboración de
Zapatero, pero no es el único mercado que trabaja su consultora.

ICP también asegura que dispone de excelentes relaciones con Kazajistán,
Uzbekistán, Azerbaiyán, Senegal, Ghana, Guinea Ecuatorial, Angola,
Mozambique, Chile, Uruguay, Perú, Colombia, Guatemala, El Salvador,
China y Rusia.

Los intereses en Cuba de Moratinos van más allá de ICP. El exministro
también preside Lindmed Trade SL, una empresa dedicada a la venta de
material médico que dispone de la autorización necesaria para poder
operar en la Isla.

Según la Cámara de Comercio cubana, Lindmed está incluso habilitada para
comerciar con productos navales, farmacéuticos e industriales.

Source: Moratinos factura más de 800.000 euros con un lobby que se
ofrece para abrir el mercado cubano a las empresas | Diario de Cuba -
http://www.diariodecuba.com/internacional/1449080098_18532.html

The regime's response to the doctor drain - a return to repressive immigration policies

The regime's response to the doctor drain: a return to repressive
immigration policies
DDC | La Habana | 3 Dic 2015 - 2:55 pm.

Beginning on 7 December the Cuban Government will once again apply a
policy requiring health professionals to seek permission from
high-ranking authorities to travel abroad for personal reasons, and wait
up to five years to leave the country with the intention of residing
abroad, reported the official newspaper Granma on Tuesday.

The policy had ceased to be applied after the "revision" of the
Immigration Act went into effect in January of 2013. In a statement
published in the Communist Party's paper the regime used the current
crisis of Cubans in Central America to justify its decision, while
blaming US immigration legislation, especially the program that provides
asylum to health professionals who act to emigrate while on missions abroad.

"In light of the need to ensure our people an efficient and quality
health service, and mitigate the damage now being done as a result of
the US's selective and politicized immigration policy towards Cuba, and
the increased, unexpected hiring of Cuban doctors in other countries,
the decision has been made to apply the regulations established in
Decree 306, of 11 October 2012, governing private travel abroad for
personal reasons by professionals in different specialized fields whose
work is vital to the population's health services, and to scientific and
technical activity," the Government announced.

It was not immediately clear whether the measure applies only to
specialists or to all doctors.

The Government acknowledged that the emigration of professionals in the
health sector has become "a concern."

"Specializations as important as anesthesia, general surgery, intensive
care, cardiology, pediatrics, neurosurgery, nephrology, obstetrics and
gynecology, orthopedics, traumatology and neonatology, among others,
have been seriously affected by the unanticipated departure of vital
medical staff," it added.

"To acquire the skills and knowledge in these highly specialized
professionals called for by modern science, years of study and work
experience are required, making it impossible to train them [new
professionals] in a short time," the regime argued in its statement.

The Government also stated that the Parole Program for Cuban Medical
Professionals, established in 2006 by the Bush Administration, is "the
only one of its kind in the world," being "intended to damage the
international medical cooperation programs" in Havana.

"It harbors the perverse objective of encouraging Cuban medical
professionals to abandon their missions in other countries, actively
facilitating their emigration through the use of embassies," he said.

The Government also declared that "the incentives offered to Cuban
doctors by various countries, especially private clinics in them" has
led to "the resettlement of qualified labor abroad." It assured that
"networks have been detected dedicated to selecting them [Cuban
physicians] and funding their departure."

As is typical, in its statement the regime did not mention the internal
factors spurring many doctors to take advantage of their missions abroad
to emigrate.

In addition to the difficult working conditions, the highest salary for
a doctor in Cuba is equivalent to 66 dollars/month, corresponding to a
second-degree specialist, according to the latest wage figures published
by the Government in March 2014.

Neither did the statement mention that the sale of professional
services, mainly medical, is one of the main sources of foreign currency
for the regime, which retains about 75% of the salary that foreign
governments and institutions pay.

Although complaints about poor service, the condition of facilities,
deficient repairs at hospitals, and other problems have increased in
recent decades, the Government insisted it was its "priority to ensure
high levels in its health services for the Cuban people, to which
significant human and material resources are allotted." And it blamed
the US embargo for the on-going limitations suffered.

The Havana stated that its decision to reimpose limitations on the
travel of medical professionals "does not mean that medical specialists
cannot travel or live abroad," but that in the future "departure dates
from the country will be analyzed, taking into account each
professional's replacement in order to ensure a staffing situation that
guarantees the accessibility, quality, continuity and stability of these
services. "

This is the second sign that the flight of health professionals has
become a serious problem, frustrating the Government's plans.

Weeks ago the Ministry of Public Health announced that professionals who
have abandoned the country, "including those who have been victims of
deceptive policies that led them to abandon their missions" abroad may
return. The official text on Tuesday reiterated that those who return
will be "ensured a position similar to the one they had previously."

Havana devoted much of its statement seeking to relate its decision to
the current situation in Central America, after Nicaragua decided to
close its border with Costa Rica, blocking the passage of thousands of
Cuban emigrants.

The Government said that on Monday, during another round of talks with
Washington, "it presented again, unsuccessfully" its demand that the
US's Cuban Adjustment Act, "dry feet, wet feet" policy, and Parole
Program for Cuban Medical Professionals all be rescinded, identifying
them as "the root cause of illegal immigration," without acknowledging
the lack of economic and social opportunities which leads many citizens
on the island to seek a better future elsewhere.

Finally, neither did the Government's statement recognize the dramatic
increase - around 77% - in the numbers of emigrants over the least year.

Source: The regime's response to the doctor drain: a return to
repressive immigration policies | Diario de Cuba -
http://www.diariodecuba.com/cuba/1449150952_18546.html

miércoles, 2 de diciembre de 2015

La sindicalización de los cuentapropistas cubanos

La sindicalización de los cuentapropistas cubanos
La agenda de extensión de la sindicalización pudiera impedir la
potencial autonomía de un futuro sector privado cubano. Un mayor control
y monitoreo institucional sobre el trabajador autónomo conllevaría a un
silenciamiento de este sector
ECONOMÍA ANÁLISIS | 01 de Diciembre de 2015
ALEIDA YANES
Especial

En anticipación del VII Congreso del Partido Comunista a ser celebrado
en abril de 2016, el Gobierno cubano adelanta lo que será su nueva
agenda oficial de 'ajustes' a políticas económicas y sociales, usando
como forum de difusión a las asambleas provinciales que culminarán a
final de año.

Uno de los temas centrales que ha sido repetido por delegados
provinciales a lo largo de la isla es la necesidad de detener la
proliferación de "ideologías neoliberales" en el naciente sector privado.

El plan propuesto incluiría la membresía obligatoria en sindicatos para
aquellos cuentapropistas que se han resistido a la sindicalización
–representando cerca del 30%–, desde que en 2010 el Gobierno permitiera
a un sector más amplio de la población obtener licencias de empleo por
cuenta propia.

Los sindicatos han sido facultados a desarrollar programas ideológicos
que prevengan divergencias de intereses, reduzcan independencia, y
ayuden a monitorear si el comportamiento de los cuentapropistas se
ajusta a las metas del estado cubano.

Esta estrategia se aplica dentro de un contexto más amplio de
reorganización económica, política y territorial que, entre otros,
traerá cambios en la ley electoral y en la constitución; y concluirá con
el traspaso de poder de Raúl Castro en 2018.

Miguel Díaz-Canel, primer vicepresidente cubano y posible sucesor, ha
inaugurado la agenda del partido declarando "que el contexto actual
impone nuevos retos en el plano ideológico, en el que los enemigos de la
Revolución nos tratan de imponer una plataforma de restauración
capitalista y neoliberal".

Y ordena dirigir la mirada a "la formación de las nuevas generaciones" y
al fortalecimiento de "las instituciones estatales que defienden nuestra
ideología".

De un total de 504, 613 cuentapropistas alrededor del país, 70% ya son
parte de diversos sindicatos estatales unificados bajo la Central de
Trabajadores de Cuba (CTC).

En el sector del turismo, pilar de la economía cubana, el partido
comunista estudia un experimento regional en Las Tunas para ser
reproducido en La Habana, Varadero y Trinidad en los próximos meses.

Este plan radicaría en la creación de burós dentro del sindicato de la
hotelería y turismo (SNTHT) para trabajadores independientes que
incluyen choferes de taxis y bicitaxis, y a personas que se dedican a la
renta de habitaciones y a la venta de alimentos.

En el caso de los campesinos a cargo de usufructos además de ya ser
obligados por ley a pertenecer a Cooperativas de Créditos y Servicios
(para poder obtener insumos y vender sus productos), ahora tendrán
también que ser acompañados por sus familiares y empleados permanentes a
integrar nuevas 'organizaciones de base' de 3 a 7 personas.

De acuerdo con el presidente de la Asociación Nacional de Agricultores
Pequeños (ANAP), estas organizaciones serán instrumentos locales para
"apoyar el trabajo político-ideológico en la función de la producción de
alimentos" y "en la toma de conciencia".

Además, por primera vez, los dueños legales de tierras que no estén
asociados a ningún tipo de cooperativa deberán participar en las nuevas
organizaciones de base.

Los mencionados cambios estructurales que fueron acordados en el II
Pleno Nacional de la ANAP ocuparán al Congreso de esta asociación en
mayo de 2016.

La agenda de extensión de la sindicalización pudiera impedir la
potencial autonomía de un futuro sector privado cubano. Aún más cuando
este proceso es presentado en términos existenciales; por ejemplo, en
las asambleas locales de Villa Clara, el partido ha expresado que los
jóvenes que representan el 31% de la fuerza laboral cuentapropista son
"el principal foco de atención para la subversión político-ideológica".

Un mayor control y monitoreo institucional sobre el trabajador autónomo
conllevaría a un incremento en la neutralidad o silenciamiento de este
sector al ser utilizado como herramienta disciplinaria, como ha sido
ejemplificado por el grupo disidente UNPACU que ha denunciado la
revocación de la licencia de cuentapropista de uno de sus miembros.

Source: La sindicalización de los cuentapropistas cubanos :: Diario las
Americas :: Cuba -
http://www.diariolasamericas.com/4847_cuba/3487799_la-sindicalizacion-de-los-cuentapropistas-cubanos.html

En situación crítica sistema de salud pública en Cuba

En situación crítica sistema de salud pública en Cuba
Juan Carlos Reyes Ocaña
2 de diciembre de 2015

Nueva York – www.PayoLibre.com – A la escasez de medicamentos existente,
se suma la falta de aparatos de auscultación y en ocasiones hasta de
ambulancias, reporta Rigoberto Rodriguez Feria, desde el municipio
holguinero Calixto García, Cuba.

Según la fuente, el pasado 11 de noviembre el matrimonio compuesto por
Yohan Yero y Elaine Gonzalez, se dirigieron al hospital "Nicodemus
Regalado" con su hijo de tres meses de nacido, el cual presentaba un
cuadro de diarrea y vómitos, y los galenos lo remitieron al hospital
pediátrico a 30 kilómetros de distancia, pero para su sorpresa no había
ambulancias para llevarlo.

Agregó Rodríguez Feria que en el consultorio médico ubicado en el
poblado La Alegría, desde hace varios meses no hay Estetoscopio ni
esfigmomanómetro, por lo que los facultativos tienen que diagnosticar a
ciegas. A los reclamos de los pacientes, los doctores responden que ni
ellos saben cuándo llegarán.

"Esta problemática genera desconcierto y repulsión, pues no es posible
que el gobierno cubano done hospitales a otros países, mientras
carecemos de los más mínimos recursos para la atención ciudadana",
concluyó Rodriguez Feria.

Source: PayoLibre.com - Cuba - -
http://payolibre.com/noticias/noticias2.php?id=10178

Cuba, con millonaria industria biofarmacéutica, incapaz de proveer medicamentos esenciales

Cuba, con millonaria industria biofarmacéutica, incapaz de proveer
medicamentos esenciales
La carencia de fármacos clave en el tratamiento de las enfermedades que
más afectan a la población como la diabetes, el cáncer y males
cardiovasculares ha generado una crisis.
Martinoticias.com
diciembre 02, 2015

Cuba, que importa más del 30 por ciento de los medicamentos de mayor
consumo en la isla, no consigue salir de la crisis generada en los
últimos meses por la carencia de fármacos clave en tratamientos de
enfermedades como la diabetes, el cáncer y males cardiovasculares, todos
de alta incidencia en el país.

La situación, que tocó fondo en el primer semestre de este año por la
escasez de unos 60 medicamentos, contrasta con las millonarias
inversiones que realiza el Gobierno en áreas de la biotecnología y la
producción de medicamentos, sectores que constituyen una de las
principales fuentes de ingreso de divisas a la isla.

La isla ingresa unos 1 192 000 millones de dólares por concepto de
exportación de medicamentos, según datos oficiales divulgados por el
sitio oficial Ecured.

El diario estatal Granma, citando a funcionarios de la industria, dijo
que la escasez de medicamentos se ha debido en parte a problemas en el
abastecimiento de materias primas, atrasos productivos y el retiro de
algunos proveedores.

De los 857 fármacos que conforman el cuadro básico de medicamentos, 269
son importados de países, distantes como China, India y algunos países
de Europa, con ciclos de aprovisionamiento de insumos de entre 60 y 90
días, dijo a Granma Eduardo Martínez, vicepresidente primero del estatal
Grupo Empresarial BioCubaFarma.

Martínez dijo que más del 90 por ciento del plan de importaciones están
aún en vías de contratación.

"Si se logran completar estos acuerdos entre lo que queda de año y
principios del próximo, se podrá garantizar un alto nivel de coberturas
productivas y abastecimientos de los fármacos", comentó.

Otra funcionaria del sector dijo a Granma que "errores humanos y fallas
organizativas" contribuyeron a la crisis, pero no ofreció detalles.

"Debido a la poca capacidad de la industria, se han se han importado
algunos medicamentos como el atenolol y la dipirona, de gran consumo y
bajos precios", dijo a Granma Teresa Rodríguez, vicepresidenta de
operaciones de la industria.

Entre los medicamentos con mayor déficit están la melformina para el
tratamiento de los pacientes diabéticos, citostáticos para el cáncer,
así como antihipertensivos y fármacos contra las afecciones
cardio-vasculares.

Desde hace meses, afectados por el virus del VIH reportaron la escasez
de medicamentos antiretrovirales, que el sistema de salud de la isla
entrega gratis a los enfermos.

"La realidad a veces es angustiante, ejemplo con los retrovirales para
el VIH principalmente la Nevirapina que entra tarde en las farmacias y
el tratamiento se convierte en una combinación de dos donde deberían ser
tres, eso crean un poco de angustia en los que tienen sus vida en manos
de este tratamiento", escribió un lector del artículo publicado en la
edición digital de Granma el miércoles.

"Hay numerosos medicamentos en falta en las farmacias, y por supuesto
que todos son importantes, pero la Metformina para la DIABETES y el
Clopidogrel para las afecciones cardiovasculares, deben ser medicamentos
considerados "de alta prioridad", pues son dos enfermedades muy
agresivas y generalizadas en el país, y somos cientos y cientos, (yo
diría que miles de pacientes), los que siempre estamos a la espera de
estos dos renglones", se quejó el lector Normando Hernández.

Source: Cuba, con millonaria industria biofarmacéutica, incapaz de
proveer medicamentos esenciales -
http://www.martinoticias.com/content/cuba-aun-sin-superar-crisis-por-escasez-medicamentos/110337.html